Reload

Chrome has three different types of page reload:

TypeCache useKeyboard shortcuts
NormalOnly resources for which the server returns a [[304 Not Modifiedp.r.comp.net.http.responsestatus]]
HardNone, all resources fetched againCtrlOrCmd + Shift + F5
Hard with cache clearingNone, all resources fetched again and cache clearedNone

Opening DevTools (F12 or CtrlOrCmd + AltOrOpt + I) allows accessing all of the above actions by right-clicking the reload button.